- 目錄
【第1篇 2023年中考英語形容詞副詞知識點總結(jié)
形容詞用于修飾名詞和代詞,表示人和事物的性質(zhì)和特征。副詞既可修飾動詞,又可修飾形容詞,其它副詞,甚至整個句子。
(一)形容詞和副詞級的變化:
大多數(shù)的形容詞、副詞都有三個等級:
原級:
比較級:比較...,更...一些
級:最...
1、一般構(gòu)成規(guī)律:
一般單音節(jié)詞,直接加-er,-est
high
higher
highest
以e結(jié)尾的詞,加-r,-st
nice
nicer
nicest
以單個輔音字母(非r)結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-er,-est
thin
thinner
thinnest
以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,變y為i,再加-er,-est
happy
happier
happiest
多數(shù)多音節(jié)詞和源于分詞的形容詞,在原級前加more,most
difficult
more difficult
most difficult
2、常見的不規(guī)則變化:
原級比較級級
good/well better best
bad/badly/ill worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
【第2篇 小學(xué)英語語法知識點總結(jié):形容詞
形容詞的比較級
1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little 來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。
2.形容詞加er的規(guī)則:
⑴一般在詞尾加er ;如:tall-taller
⑵以字母e 結(jié)尾,加r ;fine- finer
⑶以輔音字母加一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾(除ow結(jié)尾),應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ;如:big-bigger
⑷以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,先把y變i,再加er 。如;happy- happier
(5)兩個音節(jié)或兩個以上的音節(jié)的,在原級前加more 如:beautiful-more beautiful
3.不規(guī)則形容詞比較級:
good/well-better, bad/ill – worse , much /many –more , little –less, few – fewer , far –further
【第3篇 小學(xué)生英語語法總結(jié):形容詞
形容詞的比較級
1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little 來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。
2.形容詞加er的規(guī)則:
⑴一般在詞尾加er ;如:tall-taller
⑵以字母e 結(jié)尾,加r ;fine- finer
⑶以輔音字母加一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾(除ow結(jié)尾),應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ;如:big-bigger
⑷以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,先把y變i,再加er 。如;happy- happier
(5)兩個音節(jié)或兩個以上的音節(jié)的,在原級前加more 如:beautiful-more beautiful
3.不規(guī)則形容詞比較級:
good/well-better, bad/ill – worse , much /many –more , little –less, few – fewer , far –further
【第4篇 2023高考英語知識點總結(jié):形容詞和副詞
2023高考英語知識點總結(jié):形容詞和副詞 形容詞、副詞是每年高考必考點之一,近幾年語境綜合化程度越來越高,難度加大。高考熱點有:形容詞、副詞詞義辨析;原級、比較級、級的使用;倍數(shù)的表達方法;比較等級的修飾語;多個形容詞的排列順序;常見形容詞、副詞的慣用法等。 關(guān)于形容詞與副詞這一考點,主要考查以下幾個方面: 1.考查形容詞和副詞的基本用法 形容詞在句中一般作定語、表語、補語,而副詞在句中主要作狀語。 2.考查形容詞作定語的后置規(guī)律 形容詞作定語一般位于所修飾的名詞前,但下列三種情況形容詞要后置:①形容詞短語作定語時;②表語形容詞作定語時;③修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時。 3.考查多個形容詞作定語的排序 多個形容詞修飾名詞時,其排序規(guī)律是:(限定詞+程度副詞+) 描繪+大小(長短、高低)+形狀+年齡(新舊)+顏色+國籍或產(chǎn)地+物質(zhì)材料+類別或用途+名詞。 4.考查副詞在句中的位置規(guī)律 副詞修飾形容詞或其它副詞時,一般位于被修飾詞的前面,但enough卻要放在被修飾的形容詞或副詞的后面。 5.考查–ed形容詞和-ing形容詞的區(qū)別 -ed形容詞,通常說明人,意為“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容詞通常說明事物,意為“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。 6.考查兩種不同形式的副詞的用法差異 即考查與形容詞同形的副詞與形容詞后加ly構(gòu)成的副詞的區(qū)別。 7.考查形容詞和副詞的比較等級。 8.考查比較等級的修飾語。 考點1: 在具體的語境中辨析形容詞與副詞的語義 從復(fù)現(xiàn)的頻率來看,此點是高考對形容詞、副詞考查的第一大熱點。解答此類題關(guān)鍵是要分析具體的語境,結(jié)合基本詞義、搭配等來選擇正確的答案。 考點2:考查形容詞、副詞的比較級、級及前面的修飾語 備考清單 1) 比較級、級的選用及應(yīng)用范圍 比較級、級常用于表示兩者或多者間的比較。復(fù)習(xí)中須注意如下句型的用法: ① as + 原級adj. / adv. + as表示“和……一樣”及not as / so + 原級adj. / adv. + as表示“不如……”。例如: (94全國) john plays football as well as, if not better than, david. the piano in the other shop will be cheaper, but not as good. ② as + 原級adj. + a(n) + n. + as表示“跟……一樣”。例如: (2001全國) it’s generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science. (2023北京) our neighbour has as big a house as ours. ③ 比較級 + than表“比……更”及l(fā)ess ... than表示“不如……”。例如: this year they have produced less grain than they did last year. this road is wider than that one. ④ the + 比較級, the + 比較級表示“越……,就越……”。例如: (93上海) it’s believed that the harder you work, the better result you’ll get. ⑤ the +比較級+ of the + 名詞 / 代詞表示兩者中“較……的”。例如: who is the younger of the two boys? ⑥比較級 + 比較級(越來越……)。___ 例如: our country is getting stronger and stronger. things became worse and worse from then on. ⑦用the last表示“最不可能的”、“最不適合的”、“最不希望的”等。例如: the last thing i want to do is to offend you.我最不愿意做的就是惹你生氣。 he is the last man i want to see.他是我最不希望見的人。 2) 形容詞、副詞原級、比較級、級前的程度狀語 ① 注意一些形容詞或副詞前的特定修飾語。例如: (2023廣東) sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasn’t always that much to do. (那樣多) i quite like it. they are quite different / wrong. quite possible / impossible my hometown is much changed. much to my surprise(很讓我吃驚) be well worth doing (很值得做) ② 比較級前??捎胹till, even, much, far, a lot / little / few / bit, rather, any, a great deal, so far, by far, no等詞修飾。(注意more不用于修飾比較級)。例如: (94全國) if there were no e_aminations, we should have a much happier time. (2000上海) you’re standing too near the cinema. can you move a bit farther? this is by far the better. ③ 級可用序數(shù)詞、much、 by far、 nearly、 almost等詞修飾。例如: africa is the second largest continent. the pacific is by far the largest ocean. i like this film the very best / much the best. 考點3:形容詞作表語,形容詞、副詞作后置定語 備考清單 1) 形容詞用于系動詞后作表語 在最近幾年高考試題中系動詞加形容詞作表語的情況出現(xiàn)過很多次。高考對此點的考查集中于區(qū)別到底是系動詞還是一般動詞并選擇合適的形容詞,而不是副詞作表語。常見的聯(lián)系動詞有如下三類: 表示感覺的系動詞:sound, look, taste, appear, smell, feel, seem等 表示狀態(tài)存在的系動詞:remain, keep, stay, continue, prove, lie, stand等。例如: 2) 形容詞、副詞作后置定語 備考清單 常見的幾種修飾語后置的情況有: ①形容詞修飾something, nothing, anything, everything等不定代詞時要后置。②present作“出席的”時只作后置定語。③表語形容詞如alive, asleep, awake, alone等只能作后置定語。④副詞修飾動詞時, 放在動詞之后。修飾形容詞或副詞時, 放在被修飾詞之前。enough修飾形容詞、副詞時要后置,修飾名詞時可放在名詞的前后。形容詞短語修飾名詞作主語時要后置。用and或or連接的形容詞作定語時要后置, 起強調(diào)作用。表數(shù)量的詞作定語時要后置。副詞修飾形容詞的特殊詞序, “so, as, how, too + 形容詞 + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”。 考點4:倍數(shù)表達法 備考清單 三種常見倍數(shù)表達法: 1) 倍數(shù) + as + 原級形容詞 + as ...。例如: this road is three times as long as that one. 2) 倍數(shù) + the size / length / width / depth / height of ...。例如: the river is five times the width of that one. 3) 倍數(shù) + 比較級 + than + 被比較對象。例如: the sun is a million times larger than the earth. 考點5: 多個形容詞作定語時的排序問題及語序不同意義不同的詞組 備考清單 1) 多個形容詞作定語時的排序問題 多個形容詞作定語時的排序一般遵從如下規(guī)律: 如果兩個以上的形容詞修飾一個名詞時,與被修飾的名詞關(guān)系較密切的形容詞靠近名詞;如果幾個形容詞的密切程度差不多,則音節(jié)少的形容詞在前,音節(jié)多的在后。例如:a small wonderful gift 常用的順序為: 限定詞+描繪性形容詞(beautiful)+大小、長短、高低等形容性形容詞+(large, long, high)+新舊(old)+顏色(red)+產(chǎn)地(chinese)+材料(wood)+用途(writing)+被修飾名詞(desk) 記住以上規(guī)則是必要的,但還應(yīng)多閱讀、多體會,增強語感是關(guān)鍵。例如: all these last few days 最近的這些日子 some beautiful little red flowers 一些美麗的小紅花 a high red brick wall 一堵高高的紅磚墻 a beautiful white japanese military jeep 一輛漂亮的白色日本軍用吉普車 其中限定詞的排列順序為: all / both / half / double / 倍數(shù)詞 / 分數(shù)詞 + 冠詞 / 指示代詞 / 物主代詞 / 名詞所有格 / some / any / no / every / each +基數(shù)詞 / 序數(shù)詞 / little / few / last / ne_t / other / another / more,形容詞的排列順序為:大小、長短、高低、新舊、顏色、產(chǎn)地、材料、用途、類別等。 盡管以上給出了排序的基本規(guī)律,但由于所涉及的詞太多,想要記清楚確實有難度。下面給出四句口訣輔助記憶: 所有這些詞, 順序往后數(shù); 美小圓舊黃,法國木書房。 上面口訣中前兩句主要用于解決排在最前邊的多個限定詞之間的順序。它可以應(yīng)用于all (所有) these (這些) last (順序) few (數(shù)量) days短語中。這個短語基本上可以體現(xiàn)多個限定詞之間的先后順序??谠E后兩句可對應(yīng)一句話“this is a charming small round old yellow french wood reading room.”其中多個形容詞之間的先后順序基本上可以在這一句中得以體現(xiàn),而且漢語歌訣的形式將使記憶更形象、更深刻。利用以上歌訣時是“抓兩頭”,即牢記排在最前邊的限定詞及排在最后邊的形容詞,如產(chǎn)地、材料、用途等,則能輕松突破此難點。 考點6: 考查形容詞與副詞區(qū)別, 易混詞帶有-ly的形容詞、副詞及復(fù)合形容詞 備考清單 1) 注意如下有無-ly的形容詞和副詞的意義區(qū)別: wide / high / deep(具體的意義)寬 / 高 / 深 widely / highly / deeply(抽象意義)廣泛地 / 高度地 / 深深地 most十分、非常 / 最多(大)的 mostly主要地、絕大多數(shù)地、多半 close靠近地 closely密切地、仔細地 late遲的,遲到的 lately最近、近來 direct直接(主要用于談?wù)撀烦毯蜁r間,和straight意思相同) directly直率地、立即 2) 注意合成形容詞本質(zhì)上是一個形容詞,其合成部份中的名詞不能變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。例如: he wrote a two-thousand-word report. his uncle is 6 feet tall. he is a forty-year old man. 3) “名詞+ ly”構(gòu)成的是形容詞,而不是副詞。 這類形容詞有friendly, lovely, weekly, monthly, daily等 4) 有些詞既可以作形容詞也可以作副詞。例如: he got up late, so he was late for school again. can you see that straight road? go straight along this road, you’ll find the supermarket at the end. this maths problem was hard. i thought hard and got the answer at last. 精選試題 模擬題及其答案 1. how beautifully she sings! i have never heard _____ voice. a. a better b. a best c. the better d. the best 2. professor white has written some short stories, but he is _____ known for his plays. a. the best b. more c. better d. the most 3. the plane flew smoothly ______ in the sky and people spoke ______ of the e_perienced pilot. a. high;high b. highly;highly c. high;highly d. highly;high 4. —— what do you think of the concert?—— oh, it was______success. a. a very b. quite a c .so d. really 5. i haven’t seen______ this since i collected stamps. a. as old a stamp as b. so an old stamp as c. stamp as old as d. as an old stamp a 6.the task is too much for me, so i can’t carry on ______any longer. i must get some help. a. singly b.simply c.alone d.lonely 7. have your working conditions improved? ---no, ______than before, i’m afraid. a. no better b.a little batter c.not worse d.no worse 8. to their great relief, the missing child returned home, ______, after an absence of two weeks. a.felt tired and sound b.tiring and soundly c.feeling tired but soundly d.tired but sound 9. we must keep our room clean, for dirt and disease go______, you know. a.hand in hand b.step by step c.from time ti time d.one zfter another 10. how are you getting on with your classates? ——______. i’ve got to know them all. 11. it is always difficult being in a foreign country, __________if you don’t speak the language. a.e_tremely b.naturally c.basically d.especially 12. it is generally believed that teaching is ___________it is a science. a.an art much as b.much an art as c.as an art much as d.as much an art as 13. it is re ported that the united states uses _____ energy as the whole of europe. a. as twice b. twice much c. twice much as d. twice as much 14. john smith, a successful businessman, has a ______car. a. large german white b. large white german c. white large german d. german large white 15. this _____girl is linda’s cousin. a. pretty little spanish b. spanish little pretty c. spanish pretty little d. little pretty spanish 16. mr. smith owns _____collection of coins than anyone else i have ever met. a. larger b. a larger c. the larger d. a large 17.—did you enjoy yourself at the party? —yes. i’ve never been to ______one before. a. a more e_cited b. the most e_cited c. a more e_citing d. the most e_citing 18.—are you going to have a holiday this year? —i'd love to. i can't wait to leave this place ______. a. off b. out c. behind d. over 19. there were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn’t get _______ a. between b. through c. across d. beyond 20. i thought she was famous, but none of my friends have ______heard of her. a. even b. ever c. just d. never 21. (2023年天津市十二區(qū)縣重點學(xué)校高三畢業(yè)班聯(lián)考(一),英語,33)——you don’t go to that supermarket quite often, do you? —— no, i only go there ______ because it’s too far away from my house. a. eventually b. constantly c. occasionally d. frequently 22. (2023年天津市十二區(qū)縣重點學(xué)校高三畢業(yè)班聯(lián)考(二),英語,3)my daughter cares more for new clothes than anything else in the world, so she is very _______ about what she wears. a. special b. strict c. especial d. particular 23.(2023年東北三省三校第一次聯(lián)合模擬考試英語試題,英語,24)well, that’s just the deal. ______ price will be out of my reach. a. the higher b. a higher c. the highest d. a highest a.skillfully b.immediately c.normally d.nervously 25.(銀川一中2023屆高三年級第一次模擬考試,英語,33)attention, coffee lovers! we have for you, the best coffee machine _____ invented. a. ever b. already c. even d. nowadays 26.(2023學(xué)年紹興一中第一次高考模擬試卷,英語,36)it is ______ to spend money in preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather than spending it trying to make people ______ after they are ill. a. good; good b. well; better c. better; better d. better; good a.available b.affordable c.helpful d.acceptable 28. (湖北省黃岡中學(xué)2023屆高三第一次模擬考試,英語,28)food safety is ________ important, so the government spares no efforts to prevent food pollution. a.strongly b. reasonably c.highly d. naturally 39.(四川省資陽市2023屆高三上學(xué)期第一次模擬考試, 英語,8)10,000 dollars is a large sum of money,but it is still ______than we need for a new house a.very few b.very little c.far fewer d.far less 30. (山東省莒南一中2023—2023學(xué)年度高三第一學(xué)期學(xué)業(yè)水平階段性測評,英語,22) wouldn’t it be for you to pick me up at four o’clock and take me to the airport. a.free b.vacant c.handy d.convenient 答案與解析 1. 解析a容易誤選d,認為級前要用定冠詞。其實此題答案為a,該句可視為…i have never heard a better voice than her voice 之省略,全句句意為“她唱得多好啊!我從未聽過她這么好的聲音”。 2. 解析c此題首先不宜選b或d,因為 well known 的比較級和級通常是 better known和best known,有時也可以是 more well known 和 most well known,但通常不能是 more known 和 most known。至于是選a還是c,這就要看語境。由于句中涉及的只有 stories 和 plays 兩個對象,故應(yīng)選比較級。 3. 解析c high in the sky 是個形容詞短語,意為“高高地在天上”。同時,speak highly of 是個詞組,表示“高度贊揚”的意思。 4. 解析b quite a , quite some用以指人或物不尋常,如we had quite a party.(我們的聚會不一般。)it must be quite some car.(那輛車可不比尋常。) 5. 解析a表示“象這么舊的郵票”可用以 下形式表達:as old a stamp as this; a stamp as old as this; 否定句中前一個as可用so。 6.解析c句意:這項任務(wù)對我來說太重了,我再也不能單獨自己做了,我必須找個助手。singly各自的,一個一個地;simply簡單的,僅僅,只不過;alone獨立,單獨;lonely孤獨的,寂寞的。 7. 解析a你們的工作條件改善了嗎?---沒有,和以前一樣(不好)。no+比較級+ than 表示“兩者同樣不……的意思”。 8. 解析d句意:使他們寬慰的是,丟失的孩子兩周后又重返家園,雖然很疲憊但很健康。形容詞作狀語表示伴隨或結(jié)果,不表示動作的方式。 9. 解析a句意:我們必須保持室內(nèi)衛(wèi)生,你知道臟亂與疾病是分不開的。hand in hand---happenning together and closely connected密切相關(guān)的,同時發(fā)生的。本句還可說成:dirt goes hand in hand with disease. 10. 解析a句意:——你和你們班的同學(xué)相處的如何?——好多了,我和他們都認識了。答語為省略句,補全后應(yīng)為:i’m getting on far better with my classmates. 11. 解析d 本題考查副詞的詞義辨析。注意掌握詞語的準確含義,結(jié)合語境進行分析。a項意為“極端地”;b項意為“自然地”;c項“基本上”;d項“尤其,特別地”。根據(jù)句意“如果你不會講(它的)語言,在國外你就總會困難重重”可知答案。 12.解析d本題可從考查形容詞的同級比較點入手。在同級比較as…as句式中,如果as后面的形容詞作定語且其所修飾的名詞前有不定冠詞時,該冠詞須置于形容詞之后,即形成“as + 形容詞+a / an + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + as”結(jié)構(gòu)。這道題在名詞專題中也有解析,不同的是觀察視角不同,應(yīng)注意培養(yǎng)發(fā)散思維。 13.解析d表示倍數(shù)的twice(兩倍)要放在第一個as前,即“倍數(shù)+as+形容詞(+名詞)+as”。故選d。 14.解析b large是“大小”,german是“產(chǎn)地”,white是“顏色”;其排列順序應(yīng)當(dāng)是“大小+顏色+產(chǎn)地”。故選b。 15. 解析a pretty是描繪性形容詞,little是表示大小的形容詞,spanish是表示國籍的形容詞,所以,它們的排序是pretty little spanish。 16.解析b 由than可知要用比較級,排除選項d;又因collection(收藏品)是可數(shù)名詞,此處為單數(shù)又不是特指,要用不定冠詞a。 17.解析c由yes可知,“我從未參加過(比這個晚會)更令人興奮的一場晚會了?!敝竿頃恰傲钊伺d奮的”,排除選項a和b;由語境可知是隱含式比較級:以往經(jīng)歷過的任何一次與這一次晚會相比,排除d。 18.解析c考查副詞。leave…behind是固定搭配。 19. 解析b get through (=pass)中的through可以是副詞,表示“通過”。 20.解析b考查副詞用法。因為ever用于否定語、疑問句或條件句中,表示“在任何時候(=at any time)”,即not…ever = never從不,從來沒有。 21. 解析c句意:---你不經(jīng)常去超市,是嗎?---不經(jīng)常去,我只是偶爾去,因為超市離我們家太遠。occasionally---sometimes, but not regulary and not often偶爾;eventually ---at last, in the end最后,終于;constantly ---all the time, or very often不斷地,經(jīng)常地;frequently頻繁地,經(jīng)常地。 22. 解析d special特殊的;strict嚴厲的;especial專門的;be particular about sth對……很挑剔;符合題意。這句話的意思是:我的女兒對新衣服和一切新事物都很關(guān)心,因此她對穿著很挑剔。 23.解析b 句意:好了,成交了,再高了就超出了我的支付能力了。根據(jù)題意,并不是進行比較,因此不用比較級,排除a 和c,而是表示“再”,冠詞a+比較級表示此意。 24.解析a skillfully技巧熟練地,符合題意。由much to my surpris 可推測出 the eight-year-old boy應(yīng)該技巧熟練。immediately立即的;normally正常的;nervously緊張的。 25. 解析a句意強調(diào)“我們今天準備的是曾經(jīng)的” ever 曾經(jīng);already 已經(jīng);even 甚至;nowadays 如今;后三項不符合題意。 26.解析c有than 可知前面一個空應(yīng)用比較級,因此排除ab, 根據(jù)題意第二個空也應(yīng)用比較級,是生病前后病人身體健康狀況的比較。 27.解析a available可以得到的, 可達到的, 可用的;affordable買得起的;helpful 有幫助的;acceptable可以接受的;根據(jù)句意,a項符合題意。 28.解析c strongly強壯地,強烈的;reasonably合情合理的;highly 高度地, 很好, 非常;naturally自然的;句意是食品安全非常重要,因此政府不遺余力預(yù)防食物污染。 39.解析d由 than 可知應(yīng)用比較級,排除ab,數(shù)量多少應(yīng)用 little 比較級為 less. 30.解析d free自由的,空閑的;vacant空缺的,空白的;handy便于使用的, 便利的, 可攜帶的, 輕便的;convenient方便的,d項符合題意。
【第5篇 小學(xué)英語語法總結(jié):形容詞
形容詞的比較級
1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little 來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。
2.形容詞加er的規(guī)則:
⑴一般在詞尾加er ;如:tall-taller
⑵以字母e 結(jié)尾,加r ;fine- finer
⑶以輔音字母加一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾(除ow結(jié)尾),應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ;如:big-bigger
⑷以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,先把y變i,再加er 。如;happy- happier
(5)兩個音節(jié)或兩個以上的音節(jié)的,在原級前加more 如:beautiful-more beautiful
3.不規(guī)則形容詞比較級:
good/well-better, bad/ill – worse , much /many –more , little –less, few – fewer , far –further